Economic, Social and Cultural conditions of 1923-1932 period and reflections on architecture, Development problems in Turkey, First National Movement: Mimar Kemalettin and Vedat Bey, Arif Hikmet (Koyunoğlu) Bey and Giulio Mongeri, Neoclassic Turkish Style/ National Architectural Renaissance, 1923-1932 Public Buildings, 1923-1932 Houses, Housing Problem in Ankara inearly Republican Period and approaches through this problem, Economic, social and cultural conditions of 1932-1940 period and reflections on architecture, Foreign Architects (Clemens Holzmeister , Ernst Egli ,Theodor Jost, Hermann Jansen,Martin Wagner, Martin Elsaesser, Bruno Taut , R. Oerley) and their works, Approaches under the influence of Bauhaus and CIAM, Turkish Architects (Şevki Balmumcu, Arif Hikmet Holtay, Seyfi Arkan, Rüknettin Güney, Sedad H. Eldem) and their practices: International Style, Neo-classical Style, Development of Second National Style, Sedat Hakkı Eldem, Emin Onat and others, Second National Style: Reflection of efforts to revive the origins in 1940s as a reaction the foreign architects’ dominancy since 1927, Effects of fascism in Italy and National Socialism in Germany, 1950s and Modernism: Tending to rationalism under the influence of Modern Architecture spreading all over Europe and USA, 1960s: Secession from rationalism in parallel with Modernism critics and rise of Post-Modernism, Endeavours for joining Modern Architecture and Local Architecture, from 1970s to present: pluralism, Effects and practices of western movements like Late Modernism, Post-modernism, Deconstructivism in Turkey, Contemporary Turkish Architecture and architects.
Prerequisite(s)
-
Corequisite(s)
-
Special Requisite(s)
-
Instructor(s)
Assist. Prof. Dr. Emre Arslan
Course Assistant(s)
Schedule
Thursday, 13.00-16.00, Atakoy Campus, 2B-16
Office Hour(s)
Tuesday 15.00-17.00, 2C-11
Teaching Methods and Techniques
Lecture, Reading/Discussions, Site Trip, Term Paper.
Principle Sources
Aslanoğlu, İ. (2001), Erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi Mimarlığı 1923-1938, ODTÜ Mimarlık Fakültesi Yayınları, Ankara
Bozdoğan, S. (2002), Modernizm ve Ulusun İnşası, Metis Yayınları, İstanbul, 2002
Bozdoğan, S.; Özkan, S.; Yenal, E. ed. (1987) Sedat Hakkı Eldem, Architect in Turkey, Concept Media.
Cengizkan, A. (2002) Modernin Saati, Mimarlar Derneği 1927 ve Boyut ortak yayını
Holod, R.; Evin, A. ed. (1984) Modern Turkish Architecture, University of Pennsylvania Press. (Referans yazılar: İlhan Tekeli, Yıldırım Yavuz, Suha Özkan, Afife Batur, Üstün Alsaç, Mete Tapan, Atilla Yücel, Yıldız Sey.)
Kortan, E. (1973) Türkiye’de Mimarlık Hareketleri ve Eleştirisi 1960-1970, Baylan Matbaası
Kortan, E. (1997) 1950’ler Kuşağı Mimarlık Antolojisi, Yapı Endüstri Merkezi Yayınları
Sey, Y. ed.. (1998) 75 Yılda Değişen Kent ve Mimarlık, Tarih Vakfı yayını. (Yıldız Sey derlemelerinde referans yazılar: Sibel Bozdoğan, Mete Tapan, İhsan Bilgin, Uğur Tanyeli.)
Sözen, M. (1996), Cumhuriyet Dönemi Türk Mimarisi, Türkiye İş Bankası Yayınları, Ankara
Other Sources
Alsaç, Ü. (1976), Türkiye’deki Mimarlık Düşüncesinin Cumhuriyet Dönemindeki Evrimi, KTÜ yayını
Asatekin, G.; Balamir, A. (1990) “Varieties of Tradition and Traditionalism”, Traditional Dwellings and Settlements Review (1:2) 61-70.
Balamir, A.; Asatekin, G. (1993) “Ulusal Kimlik Sorusu Üzerine Karşıt Düşünceler ve Konut Mimarisi”, ODTÜ Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, (11:1-2) 1991 (yayınlanışı 1993), 73-88.
Batur, E. (1994), Ankara, Yapı Kredi Bankası Yayınları, Ankara
Bozdoğan, S. (2001) Modernism and Nation Building: Turkish Architectural Culture in the Early Republic, University of Washington Press
Cumhuriyet Dönemi Türkiye Ansiklopedisi, Cumhuriyet Döneminde Türk Mimarlığı, İletişim Yayınları, İstanbul, 1995
Günay, R. (2005), Mimar Sinan, YKY, İstanbul
Güvenç, B. (1995) Türk Kimliği, Remzi Kitabevi
Karaaslan, M. (2001) Anılar, Yapılar, Karaaslan Mimarlık Ltd.
Özbay, A. ed. (1999) Türk Mimarları 2000, TSMD Yayınları
Özer, B. (1964) Rejyonalizm, Üniversalizm ve Mimarimiz Üzerine bir Deneme, İTÜ Mimarlık Fakültesi.
Ricoeur, P. (1965) Universal Civilization and National Cultures, History and Truth, trans. C. A. Kelbley, Northwestern University Press.
Sey, Y. ed. (1996) Tarihten Günümüze Anadolu’da Konut ve Yerleşme, Tarih Vakfı yayını.
Sözen, M.; Tapan, M. (1973) 50 Yılın Türk Mimarisi, Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları.
Tekeli, D.; Sisa, S. (1994) Projeler, Yapılar, Yapı Endüstri Merkezi Yayınları.
Course Schedules
Week
Contents
Learning Methods
1. Week
Economic, Social and Cultural conditions of 1923-1932 period and reflections on architecture, Development problems in Turkey.
Lecture
2. Week
First National Movement: Mimar Kemalettin and Vedat Bey, Arif Hikmet (Koyunoğlu) Bey and Giulio Mongeri, Neoclassic Turkish Style/ National Architectural Renaissance.
Lecture
3. Week
1923-1932 Public Buildings, 1923-1932 Houses, Housing Problem in Ankara inearly Republican Period and approaches through this problem.
Lecture, distribution of term paper handouts.
4. Week
Economic, social and cultural conditions of 1932-1940 period and reflections on architecture.
Lecture
5. Week
Foreign Architects (Clemens Holzmeister , Ernst Egli ,Theodor Jost, Hermann Jansen,Martin Wagner, Martin Elsaesser, Bruno Taut , R. Oerley) and their works, Approaches under the influence of Bauhaus and CIAM.
Lecture, Reading/Discussion
6. Week
Religious Holiday
Holiday
7. Week
Site Trip (Ist National Movement in Architecture)
Site Trip
8. Week
Mid-Term Examination
Mid-Term Examination
9. Week
National Architects between 1932 and 1940 (Şevki Balmumcu, Arif Hikmet Holtay, Seyfi Arkan, Rüknettin Güney, Sedad H. Eldem) and their practises: International Style, Neo-Classical Style, 2nd National Movement in Architecture, Sedad H. Eldem, Emin Onat and Others.
Lecture
10. Week
2nd National Movement in Architecture: The reactions in 1940’s against the dominancy of foreign architects in Turkey since 1927. The effects of fascist architecture in Italy and national socialist and totalitarian approaches in architecture in Germany.
Lecture, Reading/Discussion
11. Week
Site Trip (2nd National Movement in Architecture and Contemporary Architecture)
Site Trip
12. Week
1950’s and Modernism: Tendencies towards rationalism, under the influences of Modernism spreading in Europe and US.
Lecture, Submission of Site Trip Reports
13. Week
1960’s: Moving away from rationalism in parallel with criticisms on Modernism and rising of Post-Modernism, the efforts for integration of vernacular and international architecture.
Lecture
14. Week
From 1970 to Presents: the effects of Pluralism, Late Modernism, Post-Modernism, Deconstructivism and other movements originated in Western world and outcomes.
Lecture, Submission of Term Papers, Presentation of Term Papers
15. Week
Contemporary Architecture and Architects in Turkey.
Lecture, Presentation of Term Papers
16. Week
17. Week
Assessments
Evaluation tools
Quantity
Weight(%)
Midterm(s)
1
20
Quizzes
2
10
Homework / Term Projects / Presentations
1
20
2
10
Final Exam
1
40
Program Outcomes
PO-1
Critical Thinking: Ability to inquire, use abstract ideas to interpret information, consider diverse points of view, reach well-reasoned conclusions.
PO-2
Communication: Ability to use appropriate representational media to transmit essential formal elements at design process.
PO-3
Investigation: Ability to gather, record, apply, and comparatively evaluate relevant information within design processes.
PO-4
Design: Ability to reproduce the design information in the creative thinking process, to reach new and original results through universal design principles such as sustainability and accessibility.
PO-5
World Architecture: Understanding world architecture in terms of their historical, geographical and global factors.
PO-6
Local Architecture / Cultural Diversity: Understanding the architectural formations and samples of a geography through its historical and cultural context. Understanding the divergent canons of cultural values, behavioral, social and spatial patterns.
PO-7
Cultural Heritage and Conservation: Understanding of conservation discourses and methods, and the subjects of cultural heritage, conservation awareness, environmental concerns and ethical responsibility.
PO-8
Sustainability: Ability to design projects by using the information regarding the natural and built environment to reduce the undesirable environmental impacts on future generations through means.
PO-9
Social Responsibility: Understanding of the architect’s responsibility about protecting the commonweal, having respect for historical/cultural and natural resources and improving the life quality.
PO-10
Nature and Human: Understanding of the relationship between human, the natural environment and the design of the built environment.
PO-11
Geographical Conditions: Understanding the relationships of site selection, settlement and building design by considering the cultural, economical and social properties as well as the natural characteristics such as soil, topography, vegetation and watershed.
PO-12
Life Safety: Understanding the basic principles of security and life-safety systems in the conditions of natural disasters, fire, etc. through building and environment scales.
PO-13
Structural Systems: Understanding of the basic principles of structural behavior in withstanding gravity and lateral forces and the evolution, range, and appropriate application of contemporary structural systems.
PO-14
Environmental Systems: Understanding the principles of physical environmental systems’ design such as lighting, acoustics, climatization and the use of appropriate performance assessment tools.
PO-15
Building Envelope Systems: Understanding of the basic principles involved in the appropriate application of building envelope systems and associated assemblies.
PO-16
Building Service Systems: Understanding of the basic design principles of building service systems such as plumbing, electrical, vertical transportation, security, and fire protection systems.
PO-17
Building Materials and Assemblies: Understanding of the basic principles utilized in the appropriate selection of construction materials, products, components and assemblies, based on their inherent characteristics and performance, including their environmental impact and reuse.
PO-18
Integration of Building Service Systems: The ability of assessing, selecting and integrating the structural, environmental, security, envelope and service systems of the buildings for building design.
PO-19
Programming and Evaluation: Ability to prepare and evaluate an architectural project program by considering the public benefits in regards of client and user needs, appropriate examplers, space and equipment requirements, financial limitations, site conditions, relevant codes, laws and design principles.
PO-20
Comprehensive Project Development: Ability to produce a comprehensive architectural project that demonstrates to make design decisions across various scales.
PO-21
Considering Building Costs: Understanding the fundamentals of building construction and use costs.
PO-22
Architect-Client Relationship: Understanding of the responsibility of the architect to elicit, understand, and reconcile the needs of the client, owner, user groups, and the public and community domains.
PO-23
Collaboration: Ability to work in collaboration with others and in multidisciplinary teams to successfully complete design projects.
PO-24
Project Management: Understanding of the methods for competing for commissions, selecting consultants and assembling teams, and recommending project delivery methods.
PO-25
Practice Management: Understanding the basic principles in the architectural practice processes like financial management, business planning, quality management, risk management, discussion and reconciliation.
PO-26
Leadership: Understanding of the techniques and skills architects use to work collaboratively in the building design and construction process and on environmental, social, and aesthetic issues in their communities.
PO-27
Legal Rights and Responsibilities:
Understanding of the architect’s responsibility to the public and the client as determined by regulations and legal considerations involving the practice of architecture.
PO-28
Professional Practice: Understanding and fulfillment of employer and intern rights and responsibilities for development of profession.
PO-29
Ethics of Profession: Understanding of the ethical issues involved in profession regarding social, political and cultural issues in architectural design and practice.
Learning Outcomes
LO-1
To have the theoretical knowledge of reflections of 1923-1932 period’s economic, social and cultural context to architecture and urban development problems in Turkey
LO-2
To have the theoretical knowledge of First National Architecture Period, Neo-Classical Turkish Style, National Architecture Renaissance, 1923-1932 Civil and Housing buildings, reflections of 1932-1940 periods economic, social and cultural context to architecture and foreign architects.
LO-3
To have the theoretical knowledge of Approaches in Turkey inspired by Bauhaus and CIAM, local architectures and their applied projects, International Style, Neo-Classical Style, and 2nd National Architectural Style.
LO-4
To have the theoretical knowledge of Effects of 1950’s Modernism over Turkey.
LO-5
To have the theoretical knowledge of Pluralism, Late Modernism, Deconstructionism, from 1970’s to present day.
LO-6
The ability to interpret and evaluate The influence of 20th century western architecture over Turkish Architecture in the republican period in the context of social and cultural history development of the period
LO-7
The ability to evaluate the Architecture of Republican Period in a critical approach.
LO-8
The ability to evaluate the Architecture of Republican Period in a critical approach.
LO-9
The ability to conduct a research regarding The Architecture Republican Period
